A Competency-Based Smart Classroom Framework for Language Instruction in Higher Education

Heny Subandiyah*, Universitas Negeri Surabaya 
Riki Nasrullah, Universitas Negeri Surabaya 
Yogi Bagus Adhimas, Universitas Negeri Surabaya 
Muhaimin Abdullah, Universitas Negeri Surabaya 
Rizki Ramadhan, Universitas Negeri Surabaya 
Han Xu, Tianjin Foreign Studies University

https://doi.org/10.9743/JEO.2026.23.3.15

Abstract

The goal of this study was to create a holistic competence profile for language-teaching lecturers at institutions of higher education that incorporates pedagogical, digital, and institutional dimensions. The methodology adopted in this study was an exploratory design using a mixed-methods strategy that included 120 lecturers in the three main regions of Java. The findings demonstrate that the lecturers had a mediocre to good knowledge of the core concepts of the smart classroom and were comparatively well-prepared for the technology. However, the implementation of active learning strategies remains uneven and institutional support is not yet fully maximized. The lecturers’ reflections indicated a high motivation for them to innovate, but they still lacked training and sufficient technical support. The results informed the generation of a Competency-Based Smart Classroom Framework that may function as a foundation of theoretical and practical insights for implementing technology-based learning effectively and sustainably at the tertiary level. The framework has the potential to guide training, policy, and classroom practice at the university level.

Keywords: language learning, smart classrooms, digital competence, higher education, pedagogical transformation

*henysubandiyah@unesa.ac.id